Related research and data

• The world’s energy problem

Charts

• Absolute annual change in primary energy consumption
• Access to clean fuels for cooking vs. per capita energy use
• Access to electricity vs. GDP per capita
• Adjusted net savings per capita
• Annual CO₂ emissions
• Annual CO₂ emissions by world region
• Annual CO₂ emissions from aviation
• Annual CO₂ emissions from cement
• Annual CO₂ emissions from coal
• Annual CO₂ emissions from deforestation by product
• Annual CO₂ emissions from deforestation for food production
• Annual CO₂ emissions from flaring
• Annual CO₂ emissions from gas
• Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change
• Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change per capita
• Annual CO₂ emissions from oil
• Annual CO₂ emissions from other industry
• Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change
• Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions
• Annual change in GDP, population and CO₂ emissions
• Annual change in coal energy consumption
• Annual change in fossil fuel consumption
• Annual change in gas consumption
• Annual change in hydropower generation
• Annual change in low-carbon energy generation
• Annual change in nuclear energy generation
• Annual change in oil consumption
• Annual change in primary energy consumption
• Annual change in renewable energy generation
• Annual change in solar and wind energy generation
• Annual change in solar energy generation
• Annual change in wind energy generation
• Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region
• Annual patents filed for carbon capture and storage technologies
• Annual patents filed for electric vehicle technologies
• Annual patents filed for energy storage technologies
• Annual patents filed for renewable energy technologies
• Annual patents filed in sustainable energy
• Annual percentage change in CO₂ emissions
• Annual percentage change in coal energy consumption
• Annual percentage change in fossil fuel consumption
• Annual percentage change in gas consumption
• Annual percentage change in hydropower generation
• Annual percentage change in low-carbon energy generation
• Annual percentage change in nuclear energy generation
• Annual percentage change in oil consumption
• Annual percentage change in renewable energy generation
• Annual percentage change in solar and wind energy generation
• Annual percentage change in solar energy generation
• Annual percentage change in wind energy generation
• Annual temperature anomalies relative to the pre-industrial period
• Are consumption-based CO₂ per capita emissions above or below the global average?
• Aviation's share of global CO₂ emissions
• CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry
• CO₂ emissions by fuel or industry type
• CO₂ emissions by sector
• CO₂ emissions embedded in trade
• CO₂ emissions from domestic air travel
• CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use changeStacked area chart
• CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use changeLine chart
• CO₂ emissions from international aviation
• CO₂ emissions from transport
• CO₂ emissions per capita
• CO₂ emissions per capita
• CO₂ emissions per capita vs. GDP per capita
• CO₂ emissions per capita vs. fossil fuel consumption per capita
• CO₂ emissions per capita vs. fossil fuel consumption per capita
• CO₂ emissions per capita vs. share of electricity generation from renewables
• CO₂ emissions per capita vs. share of electricity generation from renewables
• CO₂ reductions needed to keep global temperature rise below 1.5°C
• CO₂ reductions needed to keep global temperature rise below 2°C
• Carbon dioxide emissions by income level
• Carbon dioxide emissions factors
• Carbon emission intensity vs. GDP per capita
• Carbon footprint of travel per kilometer
• Carbon intensity of electricity generation
• Carbon intensity of energy production
• Carbon intensity vs. GDP per capita
• Carbon intensity: CO₂ emissions per dollar of GDP
• Carbon opportunity costs per kilogram of food
• Change in CO₂ emissions and GDP
• Change in per capita CO₂ emissions and GDPAdjusted for consumption
• Change in per capita CO₂ emissions and GDPProduction-based
• Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP
• Changes in energy use vs. changes in GDP per capita
• Coal by end user in the United Kingdom
• Coal consumption and sulphur dioxide emissions
• Coal energy consumption per capita vs. GDP per capita
• Coal output from opencast and deepmines in the United Kingdom
• Coal output per worker in the United Kingdom
• Coal prices
• Coal productionLong-run series
• Coal productionSince 1981
• Coal production and imports in the United KingdomTonnes
• Coal production per capita
• Coal production per capita over the long-term
• Cobalt production
• Consumption-based CO₂ emissions
• Consumption-based CO₂ emissions per capita vs. GDP per capita
• Consumption-based CO₂ emissions per capita vs. Human Development Index
• Consumption-based carbon intensity
• Consumption-based energy intensity per dollar
• Consumption-based energy use per person
• Consumption-based vs. territorial CO₂ emissions per capita
• Contribution to global mean surface temperature rise
• Contribution to global mean surface temperature rise by gas
• Contribution to global mean surface temperature rise from agriculture and land use
• Contribution to global mean surface temperature rise from fossil sources
• Contribution to value added vs. share of CO₂ emissions in China
• Contribution to value added vs. share of CO₂ emissions in Germany
• Contribution to value added vs. share of CO₂ emissions in USA
• Countries using the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
• Countries with a sustainable consumption and production national action plan
• Crude oil prices
• Crude oil prices
• Crude oil spot prices
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions by source
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions by world region
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from cement
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from coal
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from flaring
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from gas
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from land-use change
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from oil
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions from other industry
• Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change
• Death rate from indoor air pollution vs. per capita energy use
• Death rates per unit of electricity production
• Direct primary energy consumption from fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewables
• Electric car stocks
• Electricity as a share of primary energy
• Electricity demand
• Electricity generation
• Electricity generation from coal
• Electricity generation from fossil fuels
• Electricity generation from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
• Electricity generation from gas
• Electricity generation from low-carbon sources
• Electricity generation from oil
• Electricity generation from renewables
• Electricity generation from solar and wind compared to coal
• Electricity production by sourceLine chart
• Electricity production by sourceAbsolute area chart
• Electricity production from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
• Electricity production in the United Kingdom
• Emissions-weighted carbon price
• Emissions-weighted carbon price in emissions trading systems
• Employment in the coal industry in the United Kingdom
• Energy consumption by source
• Energy embedded in traded goods as a share of domestic energy
• Energy imports and exports
• Energy intensityWorld Bank
• Energy intensity
• Energy intensity by sector
• Energy intensity vs. GDP per capita
• Energy use per capita vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
• Energy use per capita vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
• Energy use per person
• Energy use per person vs. GDP per capita
• Explicit consumption subsidies for fossil fuels
• Explicit consumption subsidies for fossil fuels
• Export of environmentally sound technologies
• Food: emissions from production and the supply chain
• Food: greenhouse gas emissions across the supply chain
• Fossil fuel consumptionBy type
• Fossil fuel consumptionBy country
• Fossil fuel consumption per capita
• Fossil fuel consumption per capita by sourceLine chart
• Fossil fuel consumption per capita by sourceStacked area chart
• Fossil fuel price index
• Fossil fuel production over the long-term
• Fossil fuel production per capita
• GDP per capita vs. energy use
• Gas consumption
• Gas consumption by region
• Gas production
• Gas production per capita
• Gas reserves
• Global aviation demand, energy efficiency and CO₂ emissions
• Global carbon emissions from heating and cooling
• Global direct primary energy consumption
• Global electricity use for air conditioning
• Global emissions from food by life-cycle stage
• Global fossil fuel consumption
• Global hydropower consumption
• Global installed renewable energy capacity by technology
• Global primary energy consumption by sourceLine chart
• Global primary energy consumption by sourceStacked area chart
• Global warming contributions by gas and source
• Global warming contributions from fossil fuels and land use
• Global warming potential of greenhouse gases relative to CO2
• Global warming: Contributions to the change in global mean surface temperature
• Graphite production
• Greenhouse gas emissions
• Greenhouse gas emissions by gas
• Greenhouse gas emissions by sectorLines
• Greenhouse gas emissions by sectorStacked areas
• Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems
• Greenhouse gas emissions from plastic by life-cycle stage
• Greenhouse gas emissions from plastics
• Greenhouse gas emissions per 100 grams of protein
• Greenhouse gas emissions per 1000 kilocalories
• Greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of food product
• Greenhouse gas emissions per kilogram of seafood
• How have things changed?
• Hubbert's peak prediction vs. actual oil production in the United States
• Hydropower generation
• Hydropower generation by region
• Hypothetical number of deaths from energy production
• Hypothetical number of deaths from energy production
• Import of environmentally sound technologies
• Imported or exported CO₂ emissions per capita
• Installed geothermal energy capacity
• Installed solar energy capacity
• Installed wind energy capacity
• Investment in renewable energy, by technology
• Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions
• Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions
• Level of implementation of sustainable procurement policies and plans
• Levelized cost of energy for renewables
• Life expectancy at birth vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
• Life satisfaction vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
• Lithium ion battery cell price
• Lithium production
• Long-term energy transitions
• Low-carbon electricity generation per capita
• Low-carbon energy consumption
• Meat supply vs. GDP per capita
• Mechanisms in place to enhance policy coherence for sustainable development
• Methane concentration in the atmosphere
• Methane emissions
• Methane emissions by sector
• Methane emissions from agriculture
• Mining requirements of electricity sources, including gas
• Modern renewable electricity generation by source
• Monthly CO₂ emissions from all commercial passenger flights
• Monthly CO₂ emissions from domestic and international commercial passenger flights
• Natural gas prices
• Natural gas production by region
• Net electricity imports
• Net electricity imports as a share of electricity demand
• Net energy embedded in traded goods
• Nitrous oxide emissions
• Nitrous oxide emissions by sector
• Nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture
• Nuclear power generation
• Number of companies publishing sustainability reports that meet the minimum reporting requirements
• Number of fully battery-electric and plug-in hybrid cars sold
• Number of new cars sold, by type
• Number of new electric cars sold
• Number of people with and without electricity access
• Number of people without access to electricityBy world region
• Number of people without access to electricityBy country
• Oil consumption
• Oil consumption by region
• Oil production
• Oil production by region
• Oil production per capita
• Oil rents as a share of GDP
• Oil reserves
• People without clean fuels for cooking, by world region
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from domestic commercial passenger flights
• Per capita CO₂ emissions by fuel type
• Per capita CO₂ emissions by region
• Per capita CO₂ emissions by sector
• Per capita CO₂ emissions by source
• Per capita CO₂ emissions by source
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from aviation
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from cement
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from coal
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from deforestation for food production
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from domestic aviation vs. GDP per capita
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from domestic aviation vs. land area
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from flaring
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from gas
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from international aviation
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from international commercial passenger flights, tourism-adjustedOECD & UNWTO
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from international passenger flights, tourism-adjustedGraver & World Bank
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from oil
• Per capita CO₂ emissions from transport
• Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change
• Per capita CO₂ emissions relative to the global average
• Per capita CO₂ emissions vs. per capita energy consumption
• Per capita CO₂ emissions vs. per capita energy consumption
• Per capita GHG emissions vs. per capita CO₂ emissionsLand use not included
• Per capita GHG emissions vs. per capita CO₂ emissionsLand use included
• Per capita consumption of low-carbon energy
• Per capita consumption of low-carbon energy vs. GDP per capita
• Per capita consumption-based CO₂ emissions
• Per capita electricity demand
• Per capita electricity generation
• Per capita electricity generation by source
• Per capita electricity generation from coal
• Per capita electricity generation from fossil fuels
• Per capita electricity generation from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
• Per capita electricity generation from gas
• Per capita electricity generation from hydropower
• Per capita electricity generation from nuclear
• Per capita electricity generation from oil
• Per capita electricity generation from renewables
• Per capita electricity generation from solar
• Per capita electricity generation from solar and wind
• Per capita electricity generation from wind
• Per capita electricity generation vs. GDP per capita
• Per capita energy consumption from coal
• Per capita energy consumption from hydropower
• Per capita energy consumption from nuclear
• Per capita energy consumption from renewables
• Per capita energy consumption from solar
• Per capita energy consumption from solar and wind
• Per capita energy consumption from wind
• Per capita energy from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
• Per capita fossil energy consumption vs. GDP per capita
• Per capita gas consumption
• Per capita greenhouse gas emissions
• Per capita greenhouse gas emissions by sector
• Per capita greenhouse gas emissions, excluding land use and forestry
• Per capita methane emissions
• Per capita methane emissions by sector
• Per capita nitrous oxide emissions
• Per capita nitrous oxide emissions by sector
• Per capita nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture
• Per capita oil consumption
• Per capita primary energy consumption by source
• Pig production: Greenhouse gas emissions vs. cost to animal welfare
• Power outages in firms in a typical month
• Prices of key materials for the energy transition
• Primary direct energy consumption by source
• Primary energy consumption
• Primary energy consumption by sourceOver time
• Primary energy consumption by sourceBy country
• Primary energy consumption by world region
• Primary energy consumption from fossil fuels, nuclear and renewables
• Primary energy consumption from hydropower
• Primary energy consumption from nuclear
• Primary energy consumption from renewables
• Primary energy consumption from solar
• Primary energy consumption from solar and wind
• Primary energy consumption from wind
• Primary energy mix in the United Kingdom
• Production vs. consumption-based carbon intensity of energy
• Production- vs. consumption-based energy use per person
• Production-based vs. consumption-based energy use
• Renewable and nuclear energy: direct vs. substituted energy
• Renewable electricity generationStacked area chart
• Renewable energy consumption
• Renewable energy generationLine chart
• Renewable energy investment
• Share of CO₂ emissions covered by a carbon price
• Share of CO₂ emissions embedded in trade
• Share of cars currently in use that are electric
• Share of children who are stunted vs. CO₂ emissions per capita
• Share of cumulative CO₂ emissions from oil
• Share of direct primary energy consumption by source
• Share of electricity generated by low-carbon sources
• Share of electricity generation from fossil fuels, renewables and nuclear
• Share of electricity production by sourceIndividual sources
• Share of electricity production by sourceFaceted
• Share of electricity production from coal
• Share of electricity production from fossil fuels
• Share of electricity production from gas
• Share of electricity production from hydropower
• Share of electricity production from nuclear
• Share of electricity production from oil
• Share of electricity production from renewable sources
• Share of electricity production from renewables
• Share of electricity production from solar
• Share of electricity production from solar and wind
• Share of electricity production from wind
• Share of energy consumption by source
• Share of final energy use that comes from renewable sources
• Share of global CO₂ consumption-based emissions
• Share of global CO₂ emissions
• Share of global CO₂ emissions and population
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from cement
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from coal
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from flaring
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from gas
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from land-use change
• Share of global CO₂ emissions from oil
• Share of global CO₂ emissions including land-use change
• Share of global CO₂ emissions vs. share of population
• Share of global annual CO₂ emissions from other industry
• Share of global consumption-based CO₂ emissions and population
• Share of global consumption-based CO₂ emissions vs. share of population
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from burning gas
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from cement
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from coal
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from flaring
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from land-use change
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions from other industry
• Share of global cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change
• Share of global greenhouse gas emissions
• Share of global greenhouse gas emissions from food
• Share of global methane emissions
• Share of global nitrous oxide emissions
• Share of global primary energy consumption by source
• Share of national greenhouse gas emissions that come from food
• Share of new cars sold that are battery-electric and plug-in hybrid
• Share of new cars sold that are electric
• Share of new electric cars that are fully battery-electric
• Share of primary energy consumption from coal
• Share of primary energy consumption from fossil fuels
• Share of primary energy consumption from gas
• Share of primary energy consumption from hydroelectric power
• Share of primary energy consumption from low-carbon sources
• Share of primary energy consumption from nuclear
• Share of primary energy consumption from oil
• Share of primary energy consumption from renewable sources
• Share of primary energy consumption from solar
• Share of primary energy consumption from solar and wind
• Share of primary energy consumption from wind
• Share of primary energy consumption that comes from nuclear and renewables
• Share of primary energy that is low-carbon vs. GDP per capita
• Share of required information submitted to international environmental agreements on hazardous waste and other chemicals
• Share of rural vs. urban population with electricity access
• Share of schools with access to electricity
• Share of the population with access to basic services
• Share of the population with access to electricity
• Share of the workforce employed in the coal industry, United Kingdom
• Share of total energy used in agriculture and forestry
• Share that think people in their country should act to tackle climate change
• Share with access to electricity vs. per capita energy consumption
• Solar (photovoltaic) panel prices
• Solar (photovoltaic) panel prices vs. cumulative capacity
• Solar (photovoltaic) panels cumulative capacity
• Solar and wind power generation
• Solar energy generation by region
• Solar energy generation vs. capacity
• Solar power generation
• Status of net-zero carbon emissions targets
• Territorial and consumption-based CO₂ emissions
• Territorial vs. consumption-based CO₂ emissions per capita
• The cost of 66 different technologies over time
• The long-term energy transition in Europe
• Thermal efficiency factor applied to non-fossil energy sources to convert them to primary energy equivalents
• Total greenhouse gas emissions, excluding land use and forestry
• Transport's share of global greenhouse gas emissions from food
• Uranium production
• Value added growth vs. CO₂ emissions growth in China
• Value added growth vs. CO₂ emissions growth in Germany
• Value added growth vs. CO₂ emissions growth in the USA
• When will countries phase out coal power?
• Which countries have a carbon emissions trading system?
• Which countries have a carbon tax?
• Which countries have set a net-zero emissions target?
• Wind energy generation by region
• Wind energy generation vs. installed capacity
• Wind power generation
• World crude oil price vs. oil consumption
• Year-on-year change in CO₂ emissions
• Year-to-year change in primary energy consumption by source
• Year-to-year change in primary energy consumption from fossil fuels vs. low-carbon energy
• Year-to-year percentage change in primary energy consumption
• Years of fossil fuel reserves left